AU Patient Summary Implementation Guide
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AU Patient Summary Implementation Guide - Downloaded Version 1.0.0-ballot See the Directory of published versions

## Resource Profile: AUPSPractitioner - Detailed Descriptions

Page standards status: Draft | Maturity Level: 1

Definitions for the au-ps-practitioner resource profile.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Elements Table
- Snapshot Elements Table

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. Practitioner
Definition | A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.
Short | A person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of servicesA person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of healthcare or related services
Control | 0..*
Is Modifier | false
Complies with Profile | This profile complies with the profile Practitioner (IPS)
Summary | false
Invariants | dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty()) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty()) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists()) inv-pra-0: Individual gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').extension('value').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').extension('value').value.all(memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/gender-identity-response-1'))`) inv-pra-1: Individual pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').extension('value').value.all(memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/australian-pronouns-1'))`) inv-pra-2: Recorded sex or gender type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('type').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('type').value.all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/rsg-type'))`) inv-pra-3: Recorded sex or gender source document type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source Document Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('sourceDocument').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('sourceDocument').value.ofType(CodeableConcept).all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/rsg-source-document-type'))`) inv-pra-4: Recorded sex or gender jurisdiction shall be a member of the Jurisdiction ValueSet - AU Extended value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('jurisdiction').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('jurisdiction').value.all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/jurisdiction-extended'))`) inv-pra-5: Recorded sex or gender source shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('source').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('source').value.ofType(CodeableConcept).all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/rsg-source'))`)
2. Practitioner.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Short | A set of rules under which this content was created
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. Practitioner.extension:genderIdentity
Slice Name | genderIdentity
Definition | An individual's personal sense of being a man, woman, boy, girl, nonbinary, or something else.
Short | Gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply
Comments | The individual's gender identity is populated in the `extension:value.value[x]` of the Individual Gender Identity extension and shall contain one of the codes from the Gender Identity Response value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. See Australian Bureau of Statics (ABS) Standard for Sex, Gender, Variations of Sex Characteristics and Sexual Orientation Variables, 2020 for further materials.
Control | 0..* This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-1
Type | Extension(Individual Gender Identity) (Complex Extension)
Is Modifier | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
6. Practitioner.extension:individualPronouns
Slice Name | individualPronouns
Definition | The pronouns to use when referring to an individual in verbal or written communication.
Short | Pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply
Comments | The individual's pronouns are populated in the `extension:value.value[x]` of the Individual Pronouns extension and shall contain one of the codes from the Australian Pronouns value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension(Individual Pronouns) (Complex Extension)
Is Modifier | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
8. Practitioner.extension:recordedSexOrGender
Slice Name | recordedSexOrGender
Definition | A sex or gender property for the individual from a document or other record
Short | Recorded sex or gender type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply. Recorded sex or gender source document type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source Document Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply. Recorded sex or gender jurisdiction shall be a member of the Jurisdiction ValueSet - AU Extended value set if any codes within that value set can apply. Recorded sex or gender source shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source value set if any codes within that value set can apply.
Comments | The type of recorded sex or gender is populated in the `extension:type.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the AU Recorded Sex or Gender Type value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. The document from which the sex or gender property was acquired is populated in the `extension:sourceDocument.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source Document Type value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. The jurisdiction that issued the document where the sex or gender was acquired is populated in the `extension:jurisdiction.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the Jurisdiction ValueSet - AU Extended value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. The non-document source from which the sex or gender property was acquired is populated in the `extension:source.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply.
Control | 0..* This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-2, inv-pra-3, inv-pra-4, inv-pra-5
Type | Extension(Person Recorded Sex Or Gender) (Complex Extension)
Is Modifier | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
10. Practitioner.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summary | false
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
12. Practitioner.identifier
Definition | An identifier that applies to this person in this role.
Short | An identifier for the person as this agent
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..*
Type | Identifier(Identifier, AU HPI-I, AU PBS Prescriber Number, AU Care Agency Employee Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `Practitioner.identifier`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: pattern @ type
14. Practitioner.identifier:hpii
Slice Name | hpii
Definition | An identifier that applies to this person in this role.
Short | An identifier for the person as this agent
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..1*
Type | Identifier(AU HPI-I)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
16. Practitioner.name
Definition | The name(s) associated with the practitioner.
Short | The name(s) associated with the practitioner
Comments | The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate. In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this: There is more than 1 name Use = usual Period is current to the date of the usage Use = official Other order as decided by internal business rules.
Control | 10..*
Type | HumanName
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
18. Practitioner.name.use
Definition | Identifies the purpose for this name.
Short | usual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
Comments | Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from NameUse http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|4.0.1 (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|4.0.1` ) The use of a human name.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. Practitioner.name.family
Definition | The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.
Short | Family name (often called 'Surname')
Comments | Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).
Control | 10..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Alternate Names | surname
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. Practitioner.name.given
Definition | Given name.
Short | Given names (not always 'first'). Includes middle names
Comments | If only initials are recorded, they may be used in place of the full name parts. Initials may be separated into multiple given names but often aren't due to paractical limitations. This element is not called "first name" since given names do not always come first.
Control | 0..*
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Alternate Names | first name, middle name
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. Practitioner.telecom
Definition | A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.
Short | A contact detail for the practitioner (that apply to all roles)
Comments | Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific.
Control | 0..*
Type | ContactPoint
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. Practitioner.address
Definition | Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address). Work addresses are not typically entered in this property as they are usually role dependent.
Short | Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address)
Comments | The address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource). The PractitionerRole does not have an address value on it, as it is expected that the location property be used for this purpose (which has an address).
Control | 0..*
Type | Address(Address, Australian Address)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. Practitioner
Short | A person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of services
Complies with Profile | This profile complies with the profile Practitioner (IPS)
2. Practitioner.identifier
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
4. Practitioner.identifier:hpii
Slice Name | hpii
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
6. Practitioner.name
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
8. Practitioner.name.family
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
10. Practitioner.name.given
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
12. Practitioner.telecom
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
14. Practitioner.address
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be foundhere

0. Practitioner
Definition | A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.
Short | A person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of services
Control | 0..*
Is Modifier | false
Complies with Profile | This profile complies with the profile Practitioner (IPS)
Summary | false
Invariants | dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (`contained.contained.empty()`) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (`contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()`) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (`contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()`) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (`contained.meta.security.empty()`) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (`text.`div`.exists()`) inv-pra-0: Individual gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').extension('value').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-genderIdentity').extension('value').value.all(memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/gender-identity-response-1'))`) inv-pra-1: Individual pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-pronouns').extension('value').value.all(memberOf('https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/australian-pronouns-1'))`) inv-pra-2: Recorded sex or gender type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('type').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('type').value.all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/rsg-type'))`) inv-pra-3: Recorded sex or gender source document type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source Document Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('sourceDocument').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('sourceDocument').value.ofType(CodeableConcept).all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/rsg-source-document-type'))`) inv-pra-4: Recorded sex or gender jurisdiction shall be a member of the Jurisdiction ValueSet - AU Extended value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('jurisdiction').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('jurisdiction').value.all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/jurisdiction-extended'))`) inv-pra-5: Recorded sex or gender source shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source value set if any codes within that value set can apply (`extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('source').empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/individual-recordedSexOrGender').extension('source').value.ofType(CodeableConcept).all(memberOf('http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/rsg-source'))`)
2. Practitioner.id
Definition | The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.
Short | Logical id of this artifact
Comments | The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.
Control | 0..1
Type | id
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
4. Practitioner.meta
Definition | The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.
Short | Metadata about the resource
Control | 0..1
Type | Meta
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
6. Practitioner.implicitRules
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Short | A set of rules under which this content was created
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Control | 0..1
Type | uri
Is Modifier | true because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
8. Practitioner.language
Definition | The base language in which the resource is written.
Short | Language of the resource content
Comments | Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages (preferred to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages|4.0.1` ) A human language.
Additional Bindings | Purpose
AllLanguages | Max Binding
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
10. Practitioner.text
Definition | A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.
Short | Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
Comments | Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.
Control | 0..1
Type | Narrative
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | narrative, html, xhtml, display
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
12. Practitioner.contained
Definition | These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.
Short | Contained, inline Resources
Comments | This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.
Control | 0..*
Type | Resource
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
14. Practitioner.extension
Definition | An Extension
Short | Extension
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `Practitioner.extension`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: value @ url
16. Practitioner.extension:genderIdentity
Slice Name | genderIdentity
Definition | An individual's personal sense of being a man, woman, boy, girl, nonbinary, or something else.
Short | Gender identity shall be a member of the Gender Identity Response value set if any codes within that value set can apply
Comments | The individual's gender identity is populated in the `extension:value.value[x]` of the Individual Gender Identity extension and shall contain one of the codes from the Gender Identity Response value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. See Australian Bureau of Statics (ABS) Standard for Sex, Gender, Variations of Sex Characteristics and Sexual Orientation Variables, 2020 for further materials.
Control | 0..* This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-1
Type | Extension(Individual Gender Identity) (Complex Extension)
Is Modifier | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
18. Practitioner.extension:individualPronouns
Slice Name | individualPronouns
Definition | The pronouns to use when referring to an individual in verbal or written communication.
Short | Pronouns shall be a member of the Australian Pronouns value set if any codes within that value set can apply
Comments | The individual's pronouns are populated in the `extension:value.value[x]` of the Individual Pronouns extension and shall contain one of the codes from the Australian Pronouns value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension(Individual Pronouns) (Complex Extension)
Is Modifier | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
20. Practitioner.extension:recordedSexOrGender
Slice Name | recordedSexOrGender
Definition | A sex or gender property for the individual from a document or other record
Short | Recorded sex or gender type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply. Recorded sex or gender source document type shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source Document Type value set if any codes within that value set can apply. Recorded sex or gender jurisdiction shall be a member of the Jurisdiction ValueSet - AU Extended value set if any codes within that value set can apply. Recorded sex or gender source shall be a member of the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source value set if any codes within that value set can apply.
Comments | The type of recorded sex or gender is populated in the `extension:type.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the AU Recorded Sex or Gender Type value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. The document from which the sex or gender property was acquired is populated in the `extension:sourceDocument.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source Document Type value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. The jurisdiction that issued the document where the sex or gender was acquired is populated in the `extension:jurisdiction.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the Jurisdiction ValueSet - AU Extended value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply. The non-document source from which the sex or gender property was acquired is populated in the `extension:source.value[x]` of the Person Recorded Sex or Gender extension and shall contain one of the codes from the AU Recorded Sex or Gender (RSG) Source value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply.
Control | 0..* This element is affected by the following invariants: inv-pra-2, inv-pra-3, inv-pra-4, inv-pra-5
Type | Extension(Person Recorded Sex Or Gender) (Complex Extension)
Is Modifier | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
22. Practitioner.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summary | false
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
24. Practitioner.identifier
Definition | An identifier that applies to this person in this role.
Short | An identifier for the person as this agent
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..*
Type | Identifier(Identifier, AU HPI-I, AU PBS Prescriber Number, AU Care Agency Employee Identifier, AU Ahpra Registration Number)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `Practitioner.identifier`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: pattern @ type
26. Practitioner.identifier:hpii
Slice Name | hpii
Definition | An identifier that applies to this person in this role.
Short | An identifier for the person as this agent
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..1
Type | Identifier(AU HPI-I)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
28. Practitioner.active
Definition | Whether this practitioner's record is in active use.
Short | Whether this practitioner's record is in active use
Comments | If the practitioner is not in use by one organization, then it should mark the period on the PractitonerRole with an end date (even if they are active) as they may be active in another role.
Control | 0..1
Type | boolean
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Need to be able to mark a practitioner record as not to be used because it was created in error.
Meaning if Missing | This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
30. Practitioner.name
Definition | The name(s) associated with the practitioner.
Short | The name(s) associated with the practitioner
Comments | The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate. In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this: There is more than 1 name Use = usual Period is current to the date of the usage Use = official Other order as decided by internal business rules.
Control | 1..*
Type | HumanName
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
32. Practitioner.name.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
34. Practitioner.name.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on `Practitioner.name.extension`. The slices areUnordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: value @ url
36. Practitioner.name.use
Definition | Identifies the purpose for this name.
Short | usual | official | temp | nickname | anonymous | old | maiden
Comments | Applications can assume that a name is current unless it explicitly says that it is temporary or old.
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from NameUse (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/name-use|4.0.1` ) The use of a human name.
Type | code
Is Modifier | true because This is labeled as "Is Modifier" because applications should not mistake a temporary or old name etc.for a current/permanent one
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Allows the appropriate name for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of names.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
38. Practitioner.name.text
Definition | Specifies the entire name as it should be displayed e.g. on an application UI. This may be provided instead of or as well as the specific parts.
Short | Text representation of the full name
Comments | Can provide both a text representation and parts. Applications updating a name SHALL ensure that when both text and parts are present, no content is included in the text that isn't found in a part.
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | A renderable, unencoded form.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
40. Practitioner.name.family
Definition | The part of a name that links to the genealogy. In some cultures (e.g. Eritrea) the family name of a son is the first name of his father.
Short | Family name (often called 'Surname')
Comments | Family Name may be decomposed into specific parts using extensions (de, nl, es related cultures).
Control | 1..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Alternate Names | surname
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
42. Practitioner.name.given
Definition | Given name.
Short | Given names (not always 'first'). Includes middle names
Comments | If only initials are recorded, they may be used in place of the full name parts. Initials may be separated into multiple given names but often aren't due to paractical limitations. This element is not called "first name" since given names do not always come first.
Control | 0..*
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Alternate Names | first name, middle name
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
44. Practitioner.name.prefix
Definition | Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the start of the name.
Short | Parts that come before the name
Control | 0..*
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
46. Practitioner.name.suffix
Definition | Part of the name that is acquired as a title due to academic, legal, employment or nobility status, etc. and that appears at the end of the name.
Short | Parts that come after the name
Control | 0..*
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
48. Practitioner.name.period
Definition | Indicates the period of time when this name was valid for the named person.
Short | Time period when name was/is in use
Control | 0..1
Type | Period
Is Modifier | false
Summary | true
Requirements | Allows names to be placed in historical context.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
50. Practitioner.telecom
Definition | A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.
Short | A contact detail for the practitioner (that apply to all roles)
Comments | Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific.
Control | 0..*
Type | ContactPoint
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
52. Practitioner.address
Definition | Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address). Work addresses are not typically entered in this property as they are usually role dependent.
Short | Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address)
Comments | The address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).
Control | 0..*
Type | Address(Address, Australian Address)
Is Modifier | false
Must Support | true
Must Support Types | No must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Obligations |
Obligations | Actor
SHALL:populate-if-known | AU PS Producer
SHALL:handle | AU PS Consumer
SHOULD:display | AU PS Consumer
Summary | true
Requirements | The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
54. Practitioner.gender
Definition | Administrative Gender - the gender that the person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.
Short | male | female | other | unknown
Control | 0..1
Binding | The codes SHALL be taken from AdministrativeGender (required to `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|4.0.1` ) The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.
Type | code
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Needed to address the person correctly.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
56. Practitioner.birthDate
Definition | The date of birth for the practitioner.
Short | The date on which the practitioner was born
Control | 0..1
Type | date
Is Modifier | false
Primitive Value | This primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summary | true
Requirements | Needed for identification.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
58. Practitioner.photo
Definition | Image of the person.
Short | Image of the person
Control | 0..*
Type | Attachment
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of patients and personnel. Fits with newer social media usage too.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
60. Practitioner.qualification
Definition | The official certifications, training, and licenses that authorize or otherwise pertain to the provision of care by the practitioner. For example, a medical license issued by a medical board authorizing the practitioner to practice medicine within a certian locality.
Short | Certification, licenses, or training pertaining to the provision of care
Control | 0..*
Type | BackboneElement
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
62. Practitioner.qualification.id
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Short | Unique id for inter-element referencing
Control | 0..1
Type | string
Is Modifier | false
XML Format | In the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summary | false
64. Practitioner.qualification.extension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Short | Additional content defined by implementations
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Alternate Names | extensions, user content
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
66. Practitioner.qualification.modifierExtension
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Short | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Control | 0..*
Type | Extension
Is Modifier | true because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summary | true
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (`extension.exists() != value.exists()`)
68. Practitioner.qualification.identifier
Definition | An identifier that applies to this person's qualification in this role.
Short | An identifier for this qualification for the practitioner
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control | 0..*
Type | Identifier
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Often, specific identities are assigned for the qualification.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
70. Practitioner.qualification.code
Definition | Coded representation of the qualification.
Short | Coded representation of the qualification
Control | 1..1
Binding | The codes SHOULD be taken from hl7VS-degreeLicenseCertificate - AU Extended (preferred to `http://terminology.hl7.org.au/ValueSet/v2-0360-extended` )
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
72. Practitioner.qualification.period
Definition | Period during which the qualification is valid.
Short | Period during which the qualification is valid
Control | 0..1
Type | Period
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Qualifications are often for a limited period of time, and can be revoked.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
74. Practitioner.qualification.issuer
Definition | Organization that regulates and issues the qualification.
Short | Organization that regulates and issues the qualification
Control | 0..1
Type | Reference(Organization)
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)
76. Practitioner.communication
Definition | A language the practitioner can use in patient communication.
Short | A language the practitioner can use in patient communication
Comments | The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.
Control | 0..*
Binding | Unless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Common Languages in Australia (extensible to `https://healthterminologies.gov.au/fhir/ValueSet/common-languages-australia-2` )
Type | CodeableConcept
Is Modifier | false
Summary | false
Requirements | Knowing which language a practitioner speaks can help in facilitating communication with patients.
Invariants | ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (`hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`)